Did you know? These are some basics of chemistry that are important to know for the ACT Science section. Elements: – Na = sodium – K = potassium – Ca = calcium – Mg = magnesium – C = carbon – Al = aluminum – S = sulfur – Cl = chlorine – O =[…]
Below are a few of the most commonly known compounds: Glucose – C6H12O6 Hydrochloric acid – HCl Water – H2O Salt – NaCl Octane – C8H18 Baking soda – NaHCO3 Hydrogen peroxide – H2O2
CH4 + 2O2 –> CO2 + 2H2O Left hand side: 1 C, 4 H, 4 O Right hand side: 1 C, 4 H, 4 O
Total mechanical energy = kinetic energy + potential energy Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in an object that is used to do work. It’s the energy in an object due to its motion or position. KE = 0.5mv^2 PE (energy stored in an object) = mass*g*height [g = acceleration due[…]
– Density = mass/volume – Increasing pressure always raises density. Increasing temperature usually lowers density. When water freezes, it is less dense than liquid water. – Force of a spring = kx k is a constant and x is the amount of stretch or compression. – PE(spring) = 0.5kx^2 – Fahrenheit and Celsius F =[…]
– D=RT distance = rate * time – Position is in meters – Velocity is change in position, in meters per second – Acceleration is change in velocity, in meters per seconds^2 – Relative probability: P(X|Y) = P(X and Y) / P(Y) = probability of X given Y
It is important to know basic biology, chemistry, and physics for the ACT Science section! – Facilitated diffusion = molecules go from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration with the help of a carrier molecule – across a selectively permeable membrane – can be with larger molecules – Ribosomes = protein builders of[…]
Monocot = flowering plant whose seeds have one embryonic leaf (cotyledon) Dicot = plant with seed with two embryonic leaves (cotyledons)
– Cell wall: surrounds/protects cell (only in plant cells) – Cell membrane: controls movement of materials into and out of the cell (active/passive transport) – Cytoplasm: watery area of movement – Mitochondria: produces/supplies energy – Chloroplasts: contain chlorophyll (capture sunlight) [only in plants] – Vacuoles: store food/water/chemicals – Nucleus: regulars.controls cell activities – Nuclear membrane:[…]
What is mitosis? Mitosis is the process of cell division. One cell becomes two cells with full chromosomal identity. Stages of mitosis: 1. Prophase 2. Metaphase 3. Anaphase 4. Telephase Cytokinesis begins in anaphase or telephase. Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm into 2 new cells.